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中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版)

中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (03) : 346 -350. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-392X.2026.03.019

论著

基于生物反馈理论的术前心理干预在腹股沟疝修补术患者中的应用
郭芸青†(), 周敏露, 郁烨   
  1. 226600　江苏，海安市人民医院普外科
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-04 出版日期:2026-06-18
  • 通信作者: 郭芸青

The application effect of preoperative psychological intervention based on biofeedback theory in patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair surgery

Yunqing Guo†(), Minlu Zhou, Ye Yu   

  1. General Surgery Department, Hai'an People's Hospital, Hai'an 226600, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2025-05-04 Published:2026-06-18
  • Corresponding author: Yunqing Guo
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郭芸青, 周敏露, 郁烨. 基于生物反馈理论的术前心理干预在腹股沟疝修补术患者中的应用[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 346-350.

Yunqing Guo, Minlu Zhou, Ye Yu. The application effect of preoperative psychological intervention based on biofeedback theory in patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair surgery[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(03): 346-350.

目的

探讨基于生物反馈理论的术前心理护理在腹股沟疝修补术患者中的应用效果。

方法

选取2020年6月至2022年12月于海安市人民医院就诊的腹股沟疝修补术患者120例，随机分为试验组和对照组，各60例。对照组给予常规术前护理，试验组在常规护理的基础上进行基于生物反馈理论的术前心理护理。采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）和汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评估患者术前焦虑、抑郁水平；使用视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评估术后疼痛程度；记录术后不适感和恢复时间。

结果

试验组和对照组在入院时HAMA评分和HAMD评分水平方面差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；干预后，试验组术前HAMA评分和HAMD评分显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。试验组的术后VAS评分显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。试验组的术后恶心、呕吐、头晕等不适感例数显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；试验组患者的恢复时间也显著短于对照组（P<0.05）。

结论

基于生物反馈理论的术前心理护理在腹股沟疝修补术患者中具有显著效果，有助于降低患者术前焦虑抑郁水平、减轻术后疼痛、改善术后不适感和缩短恢复时间。

关键词: 疝，腹股沟, 生物反馈理论, 心理护理
Objective

To explore the application effect of preoperative psychological care based on biofeedback theory in patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair surgery.

Methods

Patients with inguinal hernia repair admitted to the People's Hospital of Hai'an City from June 2020 to December 2022 were selected and randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 60 cases in each group. The control group received routine preoperative nursing, and the experimental group received preoperative psychological nursing based on biofeedback theory on the basis of routine nursing. Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) were used to evaluate the preoperative anxiety and depression levels of patients. Visual analog scale (VAS) was used to evaluate postoperative pain. Postoperative discomfort and recovery time were recorded.

Results

There were no significant differences in HAMA score and HAMD score between the experimental group and the control group on admission (P>0.05). After intervention, HAMA score and HAMD score of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group before surgery (P<0.05). The postoperative VAS score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The number of postoperative nausea, vomiting, dizziness and other discomfort cases in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the recovery time of the experimental group was also significantly shorter than that in the control group (P<0.05).

Conclusion

Preoperative psychological care based on biofeedback theory has a significant effect on patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair surgery. It helps to reduce preoperative anxiety and depression levels, alleviate postoperative pain, improve postoperative discomfort, and shorten recovery time.

Key words: Hernia, inguinal, Biofeedback theory, Psychological nursing
表1 基于生物反馈理论的异常应对策略
异常情况 数值指标 应对策略 频率 注意事项
心率异常 心率过快：>100次/min；心率过慢：<60次/min 深呼吸练习、渐进性肌肉松弛训练、积极心理暗示 每天2~3次，每次10~15 min 避免在心率过快时进行剧烈运动
血压异常 高血压：收缩压≥140 mmHg或舒张压≥90 mmHg；低血压：收缩压<90 mmHg或舒张压<60 mmHg 深呼吸、渐进性肌肉松弛、冥想 每天2~3次，每次10~15 min 低血压患者在站立或改变体位时应避免突然站立
呼吸异常 呼吸急促：>20次/min；呼吸过慢：<12次/min 腹式呼吸或慢速深呼吸练习 每天2~3次，每次10~15 min 避免在空气质量差的环境中进行呼吸练习
肌肉紧张 肌肉紧张度评分：4分以上(满分5分) 渐进性肌肉松弛训练、瑜伽、太极 每天1~2次，每次20~30 min 肌肉损伤患者应在医师指导下进行
睡眠障碍 睡眠质量评分：<5分(满分10分) 深呼吸、渐进性肌肉松弛、冥想 每晚临睡前20~30 min 避免在临睡前接触光线强烈的电子屏幕
情绪波动 情绪波动评分：>4分(满分5分) 自我暗示、正念冥想、与他人沟通倾诉 每天1~2次，每次15~20 min 避免过度暴露于负面信息和压力环境
疼痛管理 疼痛程度评分：>4分(满分10分) 呼吸调节、积极心理暗示、冷热敷 根据疼痛程度，每次疼痛发作时 注意敷物的温度，避免过热或过冷造成伤害
表2 2组行腹股沟疝修补术患者的一般资料比较
组别 例数 年龄(岁,±s) 性别[例(%)] 腹股沟疝类型[例(%)] 体重指数(kg/m2,±s) 疝囊大小(cm,±s) 疝病史(月,±s) 合并症[例(%)]
男性 女性 直 斜
试验组 60 45.81±8.62 36(60.00) 24(40.00) 32(53.33) 28(46.67) 24.31±3.24 3.42±0.81 12.75±6.31 11(18.33)
对照组 60 46.22±9.13 38(63.33) 22(36.67) 33(55.00) 27(45.00) 24.67±3.45 3.57±0.91 13.11±6.62 10(16.67)
t/χ2值   0.253 0.141 0.034 0.589 0.954 0.305 0.058
P值   0.801 0.707 0.855 0.557 0.342 0.761 0.810
表3 2组行腹股沟疝修补术患者的焦虑抑郁评分比较（分，±s）
组别 例数 HAMA评分 HAMD评分
入院时 术前 入院时 术前
试验组 60 14.06±2.61 14.26±2.85 12.44±2.45 12.61±2.66
对照组 60 14.17±2.75 18.54±3.17 12.51±2.57 16.13±2.95
t值   0.225 7.777 0.153 6.864
P值   0.823 <0.001 0.879 <0.001
表4 2组行腹股沟疝修补术患者术后不适感和恢复时间比较
组别 例数 术后恶心[例(%)] 术后呕吐[例(%)] 术后头晕[例(%)] 恢复时间(d,±s)
试验组 60 10(16.67) 5(8.33) 7(11.67) 4.22±1.14
对照组 60 25(41.67) 15(25.00) 20(33.33) 6.52±1.35
t/χ2值   9.076 6.000 8.076 10.083
P值   0.003 0.014 0.004 <0.001
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