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中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (02) : 213 -220. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-392X.2026.02.016

论著

1990—2021年中国腹股沟疝、股疝和腹部疝的疾病负担分析及未来预测
李坤1, 李洪涛1, 范瑞芳1, 赵丽君2,()   
  1. 1730050 兰州,联勤保障部队第九四〇医院普通外科
    2730050 兰州,联勤保障部队第九四〇医院门诊部
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-19 出版日期:2026-04-18
  • 通信作者: 赵丽君
  • 基金资助:
    联勤保障部队医学重点学科建设项目

Analysis of disease burden of inguinal, femoral and abdominal hernia in China from 1990 to 2021 and future prediction

Kun Li, Hongtao Li, Ruifang Fan, Lijun Zhao()   

  1. Department of General Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, PLA, Lanzhou 730050, China
  • Received:2025-02-19 Published:2026-04-18
  • Corresponding author: Lijun Zhao
引用本文:

李坤, 李洪涛, 范瑞芳, 赵丽君. 1990—2021年中国腹股沟疝、股疝和腹部疝的疾病负担分析及未来预测[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 213-220.

Kun Li, Hongtao Li, Ruifang Fan, Lijun Zhao. Analysis of disease burden of inguinal, femoral and abdominal hernia in China from 1990 to 2021 and future prediction[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(02): 213-220.

目的

分析1990—2021年中国腹股沟疝、股疝和腹部疝发病、患病、死亡及伤残调整寿命年(DALYs)等疾病负担流行情况,研究其变化趋势及年龄、时期和队列效应,并对2025—2050年未来疾病负担进行预测。

方法

整理全球疾病负担研究2021数据库中1990—2021年中国腹股沟疝、股疝和腹部疝疾病负担指标。通过Joinpoint软件分析疾病负担变化趋势情况,采用年龄-时期-队列(APC)模型进行年龄、时期、队列效应分析,通过SPSS软件中的时间序列分析预测2025—2050年疾病负担情况。

结果

连接点回归模型显示1990—2021年中国腹股沟疝、股疝和腹部疝总体、男性及女性年龄标准化发病率均呈上升趋势。男性疾病负担高于女性。婴幼儿、儿童及老年人群疾病负担较高。APC模型显示1990—2021年发病率随年龄增长呈先快速下降后缓慢上升,然后再次出现下降的趋势,发病风险随时间和出生队列推移分别呈现先上升后下降及先下降后上升的趋势。死亡率呈先快速下降,后缓慢上升的趋势;死亡风险随时间和出生队列推移均呈现下降趋势。预测2025—2050年总体年龄标准化发病率、患病率呈上升趋势。

结论

1990—2021年中国总体腹股沟疝、股疝和腹部疝疾病负担仍处于较高水平。预测结果显示,2025—2050年年龄标准化发病率、患病率将呈现上升趋势,因此制定针对性的医疗政策并采取必要的干预措施具有重要的意义。

Objective

To analyze China's inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia disease burden (incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from 1990-2021, assess changing trends and age-period-cohort effects, and predict disease burden for 2025-2050.

Methods

Compile the disease burden indicators of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia in China from 1990 to 2021, as recorded in the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study Database (GBD 2021 data). The trend of disease burden changes was analyzed using the Joinpoint software. The age-period-cohort (APC) model was used for the analysis of age, period, and cohort effects. The disease burden situation from 2025 to 2050 was predicted through time series analysis using the SPSS software.

Results

Joinpoint regression analysis showed that from 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) of inguinal, femoral and abdominal hernia for overall, male, and female populations in China exhibited an upward trend. The disease burden was higher in males than in females. Infants, children, and the elderly experienced a higher disease burden. The APC model revealed that incidence rate first declined rapidly with age, then increased slowly, followed by another decline from 1990 to 2021. Incidence risk showed an initial increase followed by a decrease over time periods, and an initial decrease followed by an increase across birth cohorts. Mortality rate first declined rapidly and then increased slowly. Mortality risk decreased over both time periods and birth cohorts. Predictions for 2025-2050 indicate that overall ASIR and age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPR) will show an upward trend.

Conclusion

The overall disease burden of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia in China remained substantial from 1990 to 2021. Predictions suggest rising ASIR and ASPR from 2025 to 2050, highlighting the critical importance of formulating targeted medical policies and implementing necessary interventions.

表1 1990年和2021年中国腹股沟疝、股疝和腹部疝疾病负担情况(1/10万)
表2 1990—2021年中国腹股沟疝、股疝和腹部疝疾病负担变化情况
图1 1990—2021年中国腹股沟疝、股疝和腹部疝疾病负担变化趋势图注:APC为年龄-时期-队列。
图2 1990—2021年中国腹股沟疝、股疝和腹部疝不同年龄段疾病负担情况注:DALYs为伤残调整寿命年。
图3 1990—2021年中国腹股沟疝、股疝和腹部疝发病率的APC模型效应曲线图注:APC为年龄-时期-队列。
图4 1990—2021年中国腹股沟疝、股疝和腹部疝死亡率的APC模型效应曲线图注:APC为年龄-时期-队列。
表3 2025—2050年中国腹股沟疝、股疝和腹部疝疾病负担预测模型拟合情况
表4 2025—2050年中国腹股沟疝、股疝和腹部疝疾病负担预测(1/10万,95%CI
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