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中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (01) : 86 -91. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-392X.2026.01.016

论著

肝脾手术相关膈肌修复患者的临床特征及手术安全性分析
陈光海1, 宋云2,3,()   
  1. 1629000 四川,遂宁市中心医院普通外科
    2629000 四川,遂宁市中医院普通外科
    3629000 四川遂宁,川北医学院中西医结合临床医学院
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-28 出版日期:2026-02-18
  • 通信作者: 宋云

Analysis of clinical characteristics and surgical safety in patients undergoing diaphragmatic repair associated with hepatosplenic surgery

Guanghai Chen1, Yun Song2,3,()   

  1. 1Department of General Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining 629000, Sichuan Province, China
    2Department of General Surgery, Suining Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suining 629000, Sichuan Province, China
    3Clinical College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan North Medical College, Suining 629000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2025-07-28 Published:2026-02-18
  • Corresponding author: Yun Song
引用本文:

陈光海, 宋云. 肝脾手术相关膈肌修复患者的临床特征及手术安全性分析[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(01): 86-91.

Guanghai Chen, Yun Song. Analysis of clinical characteristics and surgical safety in patients undergoing diaphragmatic repair associated with hepatosplenic surgery[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(01): 86-91.

目的

探讨肝脾手术中膈肌修复患者的临床特征及手术安全性。

方法

本研究为回顾性队列研究。回顾性纳入2019年1月至2025年6月在遂宁市中心医院及遂宁市中医院行肝脾手术并同期行膈肌修复的患者36例,按损伤病因分为疾病侵犯组(n=17)、医源性损伤组(n=8)和创伤组(n=11),按修复方式分为缝合修复组(n=26)和补片修复组(n=10),比较各组临床特征与手术结局。

结果

创伤组急诊手术比例更高(P<0.001),总出血量[(1100.0±297.5)ml]显著高于疾病侵犯组[(174.3±77.5)ml]和医源性损伤组[(160.5±64.3)ml](P<0.001)。补片修复适用于更大缺损[缺损宽度(2.5±0.69)cm比(0.5±0.25)cm;缺损面积(11.1±3.33)cm2比(2.4±1.36)cm2,均P<0.001],且膈肌处理时间更长[(43.4±6.9)min比(22.5±7.1)min,P<0.001],但总手术时间差异无统计学意义(P=0.595)。创伤组、疾病侵犯组与医源性损伤组膈肌手术相关并发症发生率[36.4%(4/11)、29.4%(5/17)、37.5%(3/8)]比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。总体并发症发生率为33.3%(12/36),均为Clavien-Dindo Ⅰ~Ⅲ级。二元Logistic回归分析显示,创伤(OR=1.500,95% CI 0.330~6.822,P=0.600)、手术方式(腔镜或开放,OR=0.467,95% CI 0.100~2.173,P=0.331)、手术时机(急诊或择期,OR=1.000,95% CI 0.230~4.349,P=1.000)、修复方式(补片或缝合,OR=0.368,95% CI 0.081~1.672,P=0.196)以及是否留置胸腔引流(OR=1.667,95% CI 0.282~9.856,P=0.573)均不是并发症发生的独立危险因素。

结论

肝脾手术中膈肌修复总体安全,并发症可控。补片修复适用于较大缺损,但使操作时间延长。创伤病例虽失血更多,但并未独立增加并发症风险,其风险因素仍需进一步探究。

Objective

To analyze the clinical characteristics and surgical safety of diaphragmatic repair in patients undergoing hepatosplenic surgery.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted. A total of 36 patients who underwent diaphragmatic repair during hepatosplenic procedures between January 2019 and June 2025 at Suining Central Hospital and Suining Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Patients were categorized by cause of injury into disease invasion group (n=17), iatrogenic injury group (n=8), and trauma group (n=11). Patients were categorized by repair method into suture group (n=26) and mesh group (n=10). The clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of each group were compared.

Results

The trauma group had a higher proportion of emergency surgery (P<0.001) and significantly greater total blood loss [(1100.0±297.5) ml] compared to the disease invasion group[(174.3±77.5) ml] and the iatrogenic injury group [(160.5±64.3) ml] (P<0.001). Mesh repair was used for larger defects [defect width: (2.5±0.69) cm vs. (0.5±0.25) cm; defect area: (11.1±3.33) cm2 vs. (2.4±1.36) cm2, both P<0.001]. It also required a longer diaphragmatic procedure time [(43.4±6.9) min vs. (22.5±7.1) min, P<0.001], but there was no statistically significant difference in the total operation time (P=0.595). The incidence rates of diaphragm surgery-related complications were compared among the traumatic group, disease invasion group, and iatrogenic injury group [36.4% (4/11), 29.4% (5/17), and 37.5% (3/8)], with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05).The overall complication rate was 33.3% (12/36), all of which were classified as Clavien-Dindo grade I-Ⅲ. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that trauma (OR=1.500, 95% CI 0.330-6.822, P=0.600), surgical approach (laparoscopic vs. open, OR=0.467, 95% CI 0.100-2.173, P=0.331), surgical timing (emergency vs. elective, OR=1.000, 95% CI 0.230-4.349, P=1.000), repair method (mesh vs. suture, OR=0.368, 95% CI 0.081-1.672, P=0.196), and the placement of thoracic drainage (OR=1.667, 95% CI 0.282-9.856, P=0.573) were not independent risk factors for complications.

Conclusion

Diaphragmatic repair in hepatosplenic surgery is generally safe and the complications are controllable. Mesh repair is indicated for larger defects and extends operative time. Although trauma cases are associated with greater blood loss, they do not independently increase the risk of complications. Further studies are needed to identify modifiable risk factors.

表1 不同病因的3组肝脾手术相关膈肌修复患者的病情特征比较
表2 肝脾手术相关不同膈肌修复方式患者的病情特征
表3 36例肝脾手术相关膈肌修复患者不同因素对手术时间及出血量的影响比较(±s
表4 36例肝脾手术相关膈肌修复患者膈肌手术相关并发症风险因素二元回归分析
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