探究风险因素护理干预对行Lichtenstein腹股沟疝修补术的失代偿性肝硬化患者围手术期的临床疗效。

回顾性分析2015年3月至2019年3月，在临泉县人民医院行Lichtenstein手术，围手术期接受风险因素护理干预的68例合并失代偿性肝硬化的腹股沟疝患者的临床资料。分析患者住院时间，术后疼痛、并发症发生情况。

68例患者均顺利完成手术，住院时间4~14 d，平均（5.82±2.19）d。所有患者术后均未出现腹水渗漏、切口感染、补片感染、修补失败、肝衰竭等并发症。切口脂肪液化1例，经适当引流、增加换药频率等处理后痊愈出院；腹股沟区及腰背部皮下瘀斑3例；切口渗血1例，经弹力绷带加压包扎，卧床休息，止血治疗后痊愈。67例术后随访18个月，未见腹股沟疝复发，1例患者于术后13个月死于上消化道出血，终止随访。慢性疼痛2例，经口服镇痛药物治疗后，疼痛逐渐减轻，未做特殊处理。

对行Lichtenstein手术的合并失代偿性肝硬化的腹股沟疝患者开展围手术期风险因素护理干预效果显著，有助于促进患者恢复，减少并发症的发生，是理想的护理方案。

To explore the clinical effect of nursing interventions on risk factors in patients with cirrhotic decompensated livers undergoing Lichtenstein surgery during the perioperative period.

The clinical data of 68 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis who underwent Lichtenstein operation from March 2015 to March 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The length of stay, postoperative pain and postoperative complications were recorded and analyzed.

All 68 patients completed the surgery successfully. The duration of hospitalization ranged from 4~14 d, with a mean length of stay of (5.82±2.19) days. There were no complications such as ascites leakage, incisional infection, mesh infection, repair failure, or liver failure. One case of incisional steatorrhea was discharged with proper drainage and more frequent dressing changes. Three cases of subcutaneous hemorrhagic petechiae in the groin area and lumbar back and one case of incisional hemorrhage were treated with a compression bandage, bed rest and hemostasis and healed successfully. 67 cases were followed up for 18 months after surgery, and no recurrence was seen, while one patient died of upper gastrointestinal bleeding 13 months after surgery and the follow-up was terminated. Two cases of chronic pain were treated with oral analgesic drugs, and the pain gradually decreased without special treatment.

Risk factor intervention nursing can reduce postoperative recurrence, perioperative incision infection, and bleeding during the perioperative and postoperative periods of Lichtenstein surgery in cirrhotic decompensation as an effective nursing intervention strategy, which can promote the early recovery of patients and reduce the occurrence of complications.