To investigate and compare the security and efficacy of biologic mesh and synthetic mesh when used in acute incarcerated groin hernias.

546 patients with incarcerated groin hernias who received hernioplasty with mesh in the Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University from 2017 to 2021 were divided into the biologic mesh group (62 cases) and synthetic mesh group (484 cases). The follow-up of the two patients was retrospectively analyzed.

There was no significant difference in operative time and hospitalization days between the two groups (P>0.05). Hospitalization expense in biologic mesh group is significantly higher than that in synthetic group (P<0.05). After a follow-up range from 10 to 48 months, a total of 153 complications occurred in our study, including seroma in 106, chronic pain in 29, wound infection in 8, recurrence in 5, postoperative cerebral infarction in 2, and sepsis in 3. There was no significant difference in the main prognostic indicators between the two groups (P>0.05).

Two kinds of mesh are both effective and safe when used in emergency surgery for incarcerated inguinal hernias, and biologic mesh has no obvious advantages compared to synthetic mesh.