造口旁疝修补术后远期复发率居高不下，其影响因素仍存争议。本研究系统检索了PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library及CNKI等中外文数据库自建库至2026年2月的相关临床研究，采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评价文献质量，并运用R语言进行Meta分析与定性系统评价，旨在为优化临床决策提供循证依据。研究最终纳入4项高质量文献，共542例患者。Meta分析结果显示，与传统的Keyhole术式相比，Sugarbaker术式在降低远期复发风险方面展现出明显的临床优势（OR=0.58，95% CI 0.26~1.27）。进一步研究表明，患者自身的代谢状态（如体重指数≥30 kg/m²的肥胖、糖尿病及高龄）以及合并炎症性肠病是导致修补术后复发的核心独立危险因素。此外，手术部位感染、血清肿等严重的近期并发症亦会显著增加远期复发率。综上，合理选择力学分布更优的修补术式（如Sugarbaker技术），并高度重视围手术期的减重、血糖控制及感染预防，是降低造口旁疝修补术后复发风险的关键策略。

The long-term recurrence rate after parastomal hernia repair remains high, and its influencing factors are still controversial. To provide evidence-based support for optimizing clinical decision-making, we systematically searched databases such as PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CNKI for relevant clinical studies from the establishment of the databases to February 2026. The quality of the literature was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), and Meta-analysis alongside qualitative systematic review was performed using R software. Four high-quality studies comprising 542 patients were included. Meta-analysis demonstrated that compared with the Keyhole technique, the Sugarbaker technique showed a significant clinical advantage in reducing long-term recurrence risk (OR=0.58, 95% CI 0.26-1.27). Further analysis indicated that patient systemic metabolic status (such as obesity with body mass index ≥30 kg/m², diabetes, and advanced age) and inflammatory bowel disease were core independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence. Furthermore, severe short-term complications like surgical site infection and seroma significantly increased the long-term recurrence rate. In conclusion, selecting a biomechanically superior repair technique (e.g., Sugarbaker) and strictly managing perioperative weight, glycemic control, and infection prevention are crucial strategies to minimize the risk of parastomal hernia recurrence.