相对于单纯腹壁疝，复杂腹壁疝的诊治面临更多手术及围手术期风险。复杂腹壁疝的解剖和生物力学改变在其发生和进展过程中发挥着关键作用，此与多种因素相关，如组织完整性丧失、腹壁组织持续性拉伸、腹腔失容和并发症的影响。这些因素相互作用，增加了复杂腹壁疝的围手术期管理难度，因此明确复杂腹壁疝的发生机制对该疾病的诊治和患者管理具有重要意义。目前相关研究仍较为缺乏，本文对复杂腹壁疝的解剖和生物力学基础的特点进行了回顾和总结，旨在为未来的研究提供参考。

Compared to simple abdominal wall hernia, the diagnosis and treatment of complex abdominal wall hernia faces more surgical and perioperative risks. The anatomical and biomechanical changes of complex abdominal wall hernia play a crucial role in its occurrence and progression, and its development is related to various factors, such as loss of tissue integrity, sustained stretching of abdominal wall tissue, loss of abdominal domain, and complications. The interaction of these factors contributes to the difficulty in perioperative management of complex abdominal wall hernias. Therefore, clarifying the mechanism of complex abdominal wall hernia is of great significance for the diagnosis, treatment, and patient management of this disease. At present, there is still a lack of relevant research. This article reviews and summarizes the anatomical and biomechanical characteristics of complex abdominal wall hernias, in order to provide reference for future research.