To analyze the distribution of comorbidities in elderly female patients aged ≥65 years undergoing surgery for pelvic organ prolapse (POP), and to explore the role of multidisciplinary team (MDT) participation in perioperative management in ensuring medical safety.

A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 237 patients who underwent POP surgery at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January 2021 to December 2025. The patients were divided into the MDT group (n=185) and the non-MDT group (n=52) based on whether MDT was implemented. To analyze the overall distribution of multidisciplinary comorbidities in patients undergoing POP surgery, and to compare perioperative comorbidity-related complications between the two groups of patients.

Among the 237 patients, the median age was 70 (68.0-73.5) years. The comorbidities included hypertension (62.9%), coronary artery stenosis (47.3%), diabetes (29.1%), old cerebral infarction (21.9%), cerebrovascular stenosis (21.1%), taking drugs for hyperlipidemia (16.5%), osteoarthritis (11.4%), and thrombotic diseases (6.8%). Among them, 185 patients (78.1%) were managed by MDT after initial assessment by attending gynecologists specializing in pelvic floor disorders, who identified severe multidisciplinary comorbidities in these patients. Postoperatively, 81 cases (34.2%) of 237 POP surgery patients developed complications, among which 42 cases (17.7%) were new thrombotic diseases. The proportion of patients transferred to the SICU postoperatively, the incidence of postoperative complications, postoperative urinary retention, and the length of postoperative hospital stay were all higher in the MDT group than in the non-MDT group (20.0% vs 3.8%; 38.9% vs 17.3%; 21.1% vs 7.7%; 7(6-9) days vs 6(5-7) days, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were observed in surgical time, postoperative changes in hemoglobin levels, venous thromboembolism scores, or the incidence of new thrombotic diseases between two groups (P>0.05).

Elderly women over 65 years old with POP often have multiple comorbidities. Conducting a preoperative MDT assessment for these patients and involving experts from relevant fields in perioperative management are critical to ensuring their surgical safety.