To explore the effect of electrical stimulation biofeedback combined with Kegel exercises on the postoperative rehabilitation of patients with stage II-III uterine prolapse.

This was a retrospective cohort study. The clinical data of 90 patients with uterine prolapse admitted to Wuxi People's Hospital from June 2020 to March 2024 were retrospectively analyzed and the patients were divided into an experimental group (n=46, electrical stimulation biofeedback+Kegel exercise) and a control group (n=44, Kegel exercise) according to different treatment plans. The perioperative indicators, levels of endocrine-related factors, pelvic floor structural parameters, electrophysiological indicators of pelvic floor muscles, pelvic floor muscle strength, urinary function, quality of life scores, and clinical efficacy of the two groups of patients were compared.

There was no statistically significant difference in the perioperative indicators (operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative vaginal length, and indwelling days of urinary catheters between the two groups of patients (t=1.202, 1.115, 1.650, 1.816, P>0.05). Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in the levels of endocrine factors and pelvic floor structural parameters between the two groups of patients (P>0.05). After the end of treatment, the levels of neuropeptide Y and follicle-stimulating hormone in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group (t=2.107, 2.270; P=0.038, 0.026). All pelvic floor structural parameters in the experimental group, including the urethral rotation angle, bladder neck mobility, bladder posterior angle, anterior and posterior diameter of anal levator hiatus, left and right diameter of anal levator hiatus, and area of anal levator hiatus, were lower than those in the control group (t=2.733, 2.228, 2.221, 2.156, 2.156, 2.977, P<0.05). The maximum potential value of type Ⅰ pelvic floor muscle fibers and the average potential value of type Ⅱ pelvic floor muscle fibers in both groups increased with prolonged treatment time, with statistically significant differences. Additionally, the differences in the change trends of the two groups at different time points were statistically significant (For type Ⅰ fibers: F_time/P_time=384.515/<0.001; F_group/P_group=0.182/0.670; F_interaction/P_interaction=5.446/0.005; For type Ⅱ fibers: F_time/P_time=294.549/<0.001; F_group/P_group=3.831/0.051; F_interaction/P_interaction=4.604/0.011). There were no statistically significant differences in pelvic floor muscle strength between the two groups of patients before surgery and at 3 months after treatment. After the end of treatment, the pelvic floor muscle strength of the experimental group was superior to that of the control group (Z=2.471, P<0.05).The residual urine volume and urinary incontinence frequency of patients in both groups decreased gradually with the extension of treatment time, and there were statistically significant differences in the inter-group comparison (For residual urine volume: F_time/P_time=2940.820/<0.001; F_group/P_group=4.346/0.038; F_interaction/ P_interaction=0.299/ 0.742; For urinary incontinence frequency: F_time/P_time=947.226/<0.001; F_group/P_group= 3.999/0.047; F_interaction/P_interaction=0.555/0.575). Comparison of the scores of incontinence life quality questionnaire between the two groups of patients before treatment showed no statistically significant difference. After the end of treatment, the scores of incontinence life quality questionnaire in terms of behavioral restriction, psychological impact, and social impact in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group (t=2.426, 3.047, 2.371; P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the comparison of the total effective rate of treatment between the two groups of patients (χ²=2.007, P=0.157).

Electrostimulation biofeedback combined with Kegel exercise is effective in the treatment of uterine prolapse, which can optimize the pelvic floor myoelectric value, promote the pelvic floor function recovery, effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients and improve the quality of life.