Focusing on the core theme of full-cycle management of abdominal wall hernia, this article systematically reviews the latest clinical progress in the construction of three-level prevention system and perioperative multimodal intervention. Through the integration of multidisciplinary theories and evidence-based evidence in surgery, imaging, materials science, rehabilitation medicine and traditional Chinese medicine, the precise identification and quantitative intervention strategies of high-risk and moderate-risk groups in primary prevention, the innovative application of early screening technology in secondary prevention, and the key path of postoperative recurrence prevention in tertiary prevention were analyzed in depth. At the same time, it focuses on the practical implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery and the value of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in perioperative management. The purpose of this paper is to provide theoretical basis and practical reference for the clinical construction of the "prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation" integrated management system, and promote the development of the diagnosis and treatment mode of abdominal wall hernia to the direction of precision and individualization.