Investigate and analyze the role and effectiveness of medical risk disclosure in medical disputes.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the diagnosis and treatment data of surgical patients in a tertiary hospital from January 2012 to June 2022. According to the improvement situation of risk notification, it is divided into a control group (before improvement, from January 2012 to December 2016) and an experimental group (after improvement, from January 2017 to June 2022). Compare and analyze the occurrence of medical disputes before and after improvement. According to the proportion of fault, the fault level is divided into three levels: A(60%-100%), B(20%-60%) and C(0-20%). The changes in the identification results of fault liability in medical disputes were analyzed, and the influence of improvement on the incidence of disputes and their identification results was discussed.

(1) Incidence of disputes. ①The total incidence of disputes: from 2012 to the first half of 2022, it showed a downward trend. However, there was no significant decrease in the experimental group compared with the control group. ②The incidence of insufficient notification disputes: from 2012 to the first half of 2022, the overall trend showed a downward trend, and it decreased significantly in 2017, and the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group. (2) The proportion of inadequately informed disputes in total medical disputes; There was no significant upward and downward trend in the control group each year, while the experimental group showed a downward trend, and the average proportion of the two groups was compared, the experimental group was lower than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). (3) The change in fault liability level. ①In the control group, there was no significant upward or downward trend in the proportion of fault liability for medical disputes at all levels. The proportion of grade A in the experimental group decreased significantly, and showed a downward trend. The proportion of grade C increased significantly and showed a upward trend. There was no significant change in grade B. ②The average proportion of the two groups at all levels: the grade A experimental group was smaller than the control group, the grade C experimental group was larger than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference between the grade B two groups (P>0.05). ③There was a statistically significant difference in the overall distribution of responsibility grades between the two groups (P<0.05).

Improving medical risk disclosure plays a positive role in current diagnosis and treatment activities, which helps medical institutions and staff reduce or avoid legal risks in medical disputes. However, improving risk disclosure is only one of the means to reduce the incidence of medical disputes. To completely reduce the occurrence of disputes, it is necessary to also improve other aspects of diagnosis and treatment behavior.