To explore vaginal microecological characteristics of female pelvic organ prolapse using silicone pessary, and to provide guidance for improving the success rate of continuous wearing of pessary from the perspective of microecology, and to provide objective basis for the replacement frequency of conservative treatment of pessary.

A total of 43 women who were treated with a ring silicone membrane pessary for uterine prolapse in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from December 2018 to December 2020 were collected. Vaginal secretions were collected for testing vaginal microecology, before wearing the pessary, at 2 weeks and 3 months after wearing the pessary, and the overall characteristics of vaginal microecology for women who continuous wearing the pessary at different time periods were analyzed. The quality of life questionnaire scores were compared before and after 2 weeks and 3 months of using silicone pessary.

There were different degrees of microecological imbalance in the patients after wearing the pessary at different time. The concentration of vaginal flora at 2 weeks after wearing the pessary was higher than that before wearing and at 3 months after wearing the pessary, with statistical significance (P<0.05). The microflora inhibition rate in the group wearing pessary for 2 weeks was significantly higher than that in the group before and at 3 months after wearing pessary, but there was no statistical significance (P>0.05). Vaginal pH value of the group wearing pessary for 2 weeks was higher than that of the group before and 3 months after wearing pessary, but there was no statistical significance (P>0.05). PFIQ-7 and PFDI-20 scores were significantly decreased at 2 weeks and 3 months after wearing pessary, and the differences were statistically significant compared with those before treatment (P<0.05).

Vaginal microecology changed significantly about 2 weeks after wearing the pessary, which was prone to maladjustment of bacterial flora and vaginitis. However, with the extension of wearing time, the adjustment of vaginal microenvironment gradually recovered to the state before wearing. The continuous wearing of a ring pessary for 3 months could be used for conservative treatment of uterine prolapse.