疝病是普外科的一种常见病、多发病，好发于老年人群。老年患者由于常常合并心脑血管疾病，需要长期口服抗血栓药物治疗或预防原有心脑血管疾病，而静脉血栓栓塞（VTE）是普通外科术后少见但是致死率较高的并发症，因此平衡其围手术期出血及血栓栓塞事件发生成为近年来临床关注重点之一，而预防意识与指南依从性不足、评估工具的局限性等预防现状问题也亟待解决，专科医师们在手术方式、麻醉方式等方面做出了一些初步探索，取得了一定疗效。手术与预防技术的融合创新、多学科协作模式的强化、加强基础研究与转化应用等这些方面都将成为未来VTE专科化预防发展的方向，疝外科患者将获得更安全、高效的围手术期管理，最终实现VTE 发病率和死亡率的双重下降。

Hernia is a common and frequently occurring disease in general surgery, which is more common in the elderly population.Due to the frequent comorbidities of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in elderly patients, long-term oral antithrombotic drug treatment or prevention of pre-existing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is needed.Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a rare but highly lethal complication after general surgery.Therefore, balancing perioperative bleeding and thromboembolic events has become one of the focuses of clinical attention in recent years.However, lack of prevention awareness and compliance with guidelines, limitations in assessment tools, and other prevention issues urgently need to be addressed.Specialist physicians have made some preliminary explorations in surgical and anesthesia methods, achieving certain therapeutic effects.The integration and innovation of surgery and prevention technology, the strengthening of multidisciplinary cooperation mode,and the strengthening of basic research and transformation and application will all become the development direction of VTE specialized prevention in the future.Hernia surgery patients will get safer and more efficient perioperative management, and ultimately achieve a double reduction of VTE incidence rate and mortality.