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中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (01) : 83 -88. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-392X.2024.01.016

论著

腹壁切口疝围手术期并发症发生危险因素分析
师帅1, 马文星1, 陈昕1, 单良2, 王泽正1, 段降龙1, 吴云桦1,()   
  1. 1. 710068 西安,陕西省人民医院普外二科
    2. 710068 西安,陕西省人民医院医务处
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-10 出版日期:2024-02-18
  • 通信作者: 吴云桦
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省创新能力支撑计划(2019GHJD-14,2021TD-40); 陕西省重点研发计划(2019ZDLSF02-09-01)

Analysis of risk factors for the development of perioperative complications in incisional hernia of the abdominal wall

Shuai Shi1, Wenxing Ma1, Xin Chen1, Liang Shan2, Zezheng Wang1, Xianglong Duan1, Yunhua Wu1,()   

  1. 1. Department of General Surgery Ⅱ, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China
    2. Medical Office, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China
  • Received:2023-03-10 Published:2024-02-18
  • Corresponding author: Yunhua Wu
引用本文:

师帅, 马文星, 陈昕, 单良, 王泽正, 段降龙, 吴云桦. 腹壁切口疝围手术期并发症发生危险因素分析[J]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(01): 83-88.

Shuai Shi, Wenxing Ma, Xin Chen, Liang Shan, Zezheng Wang, Xianglong Duan, Yunhua Wu. Analysis of risk factors for the development of perioperative complications in incisional hernia of the abdominal wall[J]. Chinese Journal of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(01): 83-88.

目的

研究影响腹壁切口疝患者围手术期并发症发生的危险因素。

方法

回顾性分析2013年1月至2020年12月陕西省人民医院212例腹壁切口疝患者的临床资料,采用单因素和多因素分析的方法分析腹壁切口疝围手术期并发症发生的危险因素。

结果

212例患者中,30例患者出现围手术期并发症。单因素logistics回归分析显示,年龄校正查尔森合并指数(aCCI)≥3分(OR=2.267,P=0.037)、复发疝(OR=3.250,P=0.029)、反复腹部手术史(OR=0.370,P=0.014)、术前肺功能异常(OR=0.233,P=0.016)、前腹壁中央区域缺损(OR=0.438,P=0.043)、疝环大小≥10 cm(OR=2.636,P=0.014)、术中出血量≥100 ml(OR=7.366,P=0.007)是腹壁切口疝患者围手术期并发症的影响因素。多因素分析结果显示,术前肺功能异常、前腹壁中央区域缺损、疝环大小≥10 cm、术中出血量≥100 ml是并发症发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。

结论

术前肺功能异常、前腹壁中央区域缺损、疝环大小≥10 cm、术中出血量≥100 ml是腹壁切口疝围手术期并发症的独立危险因素。提示临床医师需重视腹壁切口疝患者危险因素的管理。

Objective

To investigate the risk factors affecting the development of perioperative complications of incisional hernia of the abdominal wall.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 212 patients with abdominal wall incisional hernia treated at Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital from January 2013 to December 2020. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the risk factors for perioperative complications in these patients.

Results

Univariate logistic regression analysis indicated that an age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (aCCI) ≥3 (OR=2.267, P=0.037), recurrent hernia (OR=3.250, P=0.029), history of multiple abdominal surgeries (OR=0.370, P=0.014), preoperative pulmonary function abnormalities (OR=0.233, P=0.016), defects in the central region of the anterior abdominal wall (OR=0.438, P=0.043), hernia defect size ≥10 cm (OR=2.636, P=0.014), and intraoperative blood loss ≥100 ml (OR=7.366, P=0.007) were risk factors for perioperative complications in patients with abdominal wall incisional hernia. Multivariate analysis showed that preoperative pulmonary function abnormalities, defects in the central region of the anterior abdominal wall, hernia defect size ≥10 cm, and intraoperative blood loss ≥100 ml were independent risk factors for the occurrence of complications (P<0.05).

Conclusion

Preoperative pulmonary function abnormalities, defects in the central region of the anterior abdominal wall, hernia defect size ≥10 cm, and intraoperative blood loss ≥100 ml are independent risk factors for perioperative complications in patients with abdominal wall incisional hernia. This highlights the need for clinicians to manage these risk factors attentively.

表1 腹壁切口疝围手术期并发症发生的单因素分析[例(%)]
因素 无并发症组(182例) 并发症组(30例) OR(95% CI) χ2 P
性别       0.739 0.390
135(74.2) 20(66.7) 1.000    
47(25.8) 10(33.3) 1.436(0.627~3.289)    
年龄       1.541 0.215
<60岁 70(38.5) 8(26.7) 1.000    
≥60岁 112(61.5) 22(73.3) 1.719(0.725~4.072)    
aCCI评分       4.373 0.037
<3分 121(66.5) 14(46.7) 1.000    
≥3分 61(33.5) 16(53.3) 2.267(1.039~4.948)    
吸烟       0.062 0.803
164(90.1) 26(86.7) 1.000    
18( 9.9) 4(13.3) 0.713(0.224~2.275)    
高血压       1.700 0.192
136(74.7) 11(36.7) 1.000    
46(25.3) 19(63.3) 0.584(0.259~1.319)    
糖尿病       0.204 0.652
166(91.2) 26(86.7) 1.000    
16( 8.8) 4(13.3) 0.627(0.194~2.021)    
复发疝       3.761 0.029
169(92.9) 24(80.0) 1.000    
13( 7.1) 6(20.0) 3.250(1.129~9.358)    
反复腹部手术史       6.012 0.014
146(80.2) 18(60.0) 1.000    
36(19.8) 12(40.0) 0.370(0.163~0.837)    
体重指数       2.548 0.110
<25 kg/m2 112(61.5) 23(76.7) 1.000    
≥25 kg/m2 70(38.5) 7(23.3) 0.487(0.199~1.194)    
美国麻醉医师协会分级       2.336 0.124
Ⅰ/Ⅱ 157(86.3) 22(73.3) 1.000    
25(13.7) 8(26.7) 2.284(0.917~5.688)    
术前肺功能       5.827 0.016
正常 172(94.5) 24(80.0) 1.000    
异常 10( 5.0) 6(20.0) 0.233(0.078~0.698)    
低蛋白血症       2.283 0.131
149(81.9) 21(70.0) 1.000    
33(18.1) 9(30.0) 1.935(0.813~4.606)    
贫血       0.060 0.807
149(81.9) 24(80.0) 1.000    
33(18.1) 6(20.0) 1.129(0.428~2.980)    
急诊手术       2.361 0.124
174(95.6) 26(86.7) 1.000    
8( 4.4) 4( 3.3) 0.229(0.084~1.063)    
嵌顿       0.432 0.511
166(91.2) 29(96.7) 1.000    
16( 8.8) 1( 3.3) 0.358(0.046~2.803)    
腹壁缺损部位       4.106 0.043
前腹壁中央区域 85(46.7) 20(66.7) 1.000    
前腹壁边缘区域 97(53.3) 10(33.3) 0.438(0.194~0.988)    
疝环大小       6.065 0.014
<10 cm 116(63.7) 12(40.0) 1.000    
≥10 cm 66(36.3) 18(60,0) 2.636(1.196~5.812)    
手术方式       1.353 0.245
开腹 75(41.2) 9(30.0) 1.000    
腹腔镜 107(58.8) 21(70.0) 1.636(0.710~3.769)    
补片放置情况       - 0.113
10( 5.5) 4(13.3) 0.600(0.071~5.059)    
Onlay 10( 5.5) 3(10.0) 0.246(0.036~1.661)    
Sublay 61(33.5) 10(33.3) 0.168(0.025~1.120)    
IPOM 98(53.8) 11(36.7) 0.450(0.050~4.085)    
Sublay+ IPOM 3( 1.6) 2( 6.7) 1.000    
手术时间       2.829 0.093
<200 min 151(83.0) 21(70.0) 1.000    
≥200 min 31(17.0) 9(30.0) 0.479(0.200~1.145)    
术中出血量       7.366 0.007
<100 ml 139(76.4) 19(63.3) 1.000    
≥100 ml 33(18.1) 11(36.7) 3.010(1.323~6.848)    
表2 腹壁切口疝围手术期并发症发生多因素分析
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